Convert Cambodian Riel (KHR) to Congolese Franc (CDF)

1 cambodian_riel = 1 cambodian_riel

Exchange rates last updated: August 9, 2025 00:00

Conversion Formula for Cambodian Riel to Congolese Franc

The formula of conversion of Cambodian Riel to Congolese Franc is very simple. To convert Cambodian Riel to Congolese Franc, we can use this simple formula:

1 Cambodian Riel = 1.3755967164 Congolese Franc

1 Congolese Franc = 0.7269572456 Cambodian Riel

One Cambodian Riel is equal to 1.3755967164 Congolese Franc. So, we need to multiply the number of Cambodian Riel by 1.3755967164 to get the no of Congolese Franc. This formula helps when we need to change the measurements from Cambodian Riel to Congolese Franc

Cambodian Riel to Congolese Franc Conversion

The conversion of Cambodian Riel currency to Congolese Franc currency is very simple. Since, as discussed above, One Cambodian Riel is equal to 1.3755967164 Congolese Franc. So, to convert Cambodian Riel to Congolese Franc, we must multiply no of Cambodian Riel to 1.3755967164. Example:-

Cambodian Riel Congolese Franc
0.01 Cambodian Riel 0.0137559672 Congolese Franc
0.1 Cambodian Riel 0.1375596716 Congolese Franc
1 Cambodian Riel 1.3755967164 Congolese Franc
2 Cambodian Riel 2.7511934328 Congolese Franc
3 Cambodian Riel 4.1267901492 Congolese Franc
5 Cambodian Riel 6.877983582 Congolese Franc
10 Cambodian Riel 13.7559671639 Congolese Franc
20 Cambodian Riel 27.5119343278 Congolese Franc
50 Cambodian Riel 68.7798358196 Congolese Franc
100 Cambodian Riel 137.5596716392 Congolese Franc
500 Cambodian Riel 687.7983581961 Congolese Franc
1,000 Cambodian Riel 1,375.5967163922 Congolese Franc

Details for Cambodian Riel (KHR) Currency

Introduction : The Cambodian Riel (KHR) is the official currency of Cambodia. Represented by the symbol ៛, the riel plays an important role in the daily lives of Cambodians, especially for small-scale transactions and local trade. It is issued by the National Bank of Cambodia and exists in both coins and banknotes, with denominations suited to a variety of purchases. While the US dollar is also widely used throughout Cambodia for larger transactions, the riel is deeply woven into the country’s economy and culture. Its colorful banknotes feature images of temples, historical figures, and symbols of national heritage.

History & Origin : The history of the Cambodian Riel is shaped by the country’s complex political past. The first version of the riel was introduced in 1955, replacing the French Indochinese piastre. However, during the Khmer Rouge regime in the 1970s, money was abolished entirely, and the economy collapsed. Following the regime’s fall, a new version of the riel was reintroduced in 1980 with the goal of rebuilding the monetary system. Over the decades, Cambodia’s central bank has worked to improve the riel’s stability and security. Despite the prevalence of the US dollar, efforts have been made to promote the use of the riel through salary payments and local pricing.

Current Use : In Cambodia, the riel is widely used for everyday transactions, especially in rural areas and local markets. It is most commonly used for small purchases such as food, transportation, and utilities. Meanwhile, the US dollar circulates in parallel and is often preferred for larger expenses, including hotel stays, electronic purchases, and rent. This dual-currency system has persisted for years, but the Cambodian government and central bank have recently increased their push for de-dollarization, encouraging the use of the riel to strengthen national monetary policy. Today, digital wallets and mobile payments are also supporting broader riel adoption among younger and urban populations.

Details of Cambodia

Cambodia, officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a Southeast Asian nation bordered by Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and the Gulf of Thailand. It is a country rich in culture, history, and natural beauty. The capital and largest city, Phnom Penh, is the economic, political, and cultural center of the country. Cambodia's landscape is a blend of lush rainforests, fertile plains, and the mighty Mekong River that runs through its heart.

One of Cambodia’s most iconic features is the ancient Angkor Wat temple complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the largest religious monuments in the world. Built during the Khmer Empire, this site attracts millions of visitors annually and symbolizes the country’s proud historical legacy. The Cambodian people, known for their warmth and resilience, have a rich tradition of arts, dance, and craftsmanship rooted in both Buddhist and Hindu influences.

Despite enduring the trauma of the Khmer Rouge era in the 1970s, Cambodia has made significant progress in recent decades. The country has experienced steady economic growth driven by textiles, agriculture, construction, and tourism. While poverty remains an issue in some regions, development efforts and foreign investment have helped improve infrastructure, healthcare, and education.

The official language is Khmer, and the dominant religion is Theravada Buddhism, which plays a central role in Cambodian society. The nation observes vibrant festivals such as Khmer New Year and Pchum Ben, showcasing its deep cultural identity. With its combination of ancient wonders, dynamic cities, and welcoming people, Cambodia offers a compelling glimpse into the past while moving steadily toward a brighter future.

Details for Congolese Franc (CDF) Currency

Introduction : The Congolese Franc (CDF), symbolized as FC, is the official currency of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is issued and regulated by the Central Bank of the Congo. The franc is divided into 100 centimes, although centime coins are rarely used due to inflation. As the primary medium of exchange in the country, the Congolese Franc facilitates daily commerce, government operations, and salary disbursements. Despite ongoing economic challenges, the CDF remains a critical element of national identity and plays a central role in the country's monetary framework and financial operations.

History & Origin : The history of the Congolese Franc dates back to the colonial era, with the currency initially introduced in the early 20th century under Belgian rule. Following independence in 1960, the country continued using the franc until it was replaced by the Zairean zaire in 1967. After decades of economic instability and hyperinflation, the Congolese Franc was reintroduced in 1997 after the fall of Mobutu’s regime and the renaming of the country to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Since then, the CDF has undergone several redesigns and reissues to enhance security and durability, adapting to the evolving economic realities of the nation.

Current Use : Today, the Congolese Franc is used throughout the Democratic Republic of the Congo for all financial activities, including public and private sector payments, market transactions, and banking operations. Due to inflation, higher-denomination notes are commonly used, and coins are largely absent from daily transactions. In some regions, the US Dollar is used alongside the franc, especially for larger purchases and international dealings. Nonetheless, the CDF remains the official currency, especially in rural areas and for everyday purchases. The Central Bank continues efforts to stabilize and strengthen the currency, ensuring its broader adoption and reliability across the country.

Details of Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is one of Africa’s largest and most resource-rich countries, located in Central Africa. It is bordered by nine nations and stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Great Lakes in the east. The DRC is endowed with vast natural resources, including minerals like cobalt, copper, diamonds, and gold, making it one of the most mineral-rich countries in the world.

Despite its resource wealth, the country has faced decades of political turmoil, civil conflict, and economic instability. However, recent years have seen progress in infrastructure development, democratic governance, and regional cooperation. The capital city, Kinshasa, is a bustling metropolis and one of the largest French-speaking cities in the world.

The DRC is known for its rich cultural diversity, with over 200 ethnic groups and numerous languages spoken, although French remains the official language. Music, dance, and traditional customs play an integral role in everyday life, with Congolese rumba achieving global recognition. The country's natural beauty includes the Congo River, dense rainforests, active volcanoes, and the endangered mountain gorillas of Virunga National Park.

Education and healthcare systems are under development, with many NGOs and international organizations working in partnership with the government to improve living conditions. Agriculture remains a major livelihood for much of the population, while urban centers are becoming increasingly modernized. As the DRC continues to stabilize, it holds significant potential for economic growth, investment, and regional influence in Central Africa.

Convert Cambodian Riel to Other Currencies

Cambodian Riel to United Arab Emirates DirhamUnited Arab Emirates Dirham to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Afghan AfghaniAfghan Afghani to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Albanian LekAlbanian Lek to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Armenian DramArmenian Dram to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Netherlands Antillean GuilderNetherlands Antillean Guilder to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Angolan KwanzaAngolan Kwanza to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Argentine PesoArgentine Peso to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Australian DollarAustralian Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Aruban FlorinAruban Florin to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Azerbaijani ManatAzerbaijani Manat to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Bosnia Herzegovina Convertible MarkBosnia Herzegovina Convertible Mark to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Barbadian DollarBarbadian Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Bangladeshi TakaBangladeshi Taka to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Bulgarian LevBulgarian Lev to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Bahraini DinarBahraini Dinar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Burundian FrancBurundian Franc to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Bermudan DollarBermudan Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Brunei DollarBrunei Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Bolivian BolivianoBolivian Boliviano to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Brazilian RealBrazilian Real to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Bahamian DollarBahamian Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Bhutanese NgultrumBhutanese Ngultrum to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Botswanan PulaBotswanan Pula to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Belarusian RubleBelarusian Ruble to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Belize DollarBelize Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Canadian DollarCanadian Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Congolese FrancCongolese Franc to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Swiss FrancSwiss Franc to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Chilean Unit Of Account UfChilean Unit Of Account Uf to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Chilean PesoChilean Peso to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Chinese Yuan OffshoreChinese Yuan Offshore to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Chinese YuanChinese Yuan to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Colombian PesoColombian Peso to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Costa Rican ColonCosta Rican Colon to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Cuban Convertible PesoCuban Convertible Peso to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Cuban PesoCuban Peso to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Cape Verdean EscudoCape Verdean Escudo to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Czech Republic KorunaCzech Republic Koruna to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Djiboutian FrancDjiboutian Franc to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Danish KroneDanish Krone to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Dominican PesoDominican Peso to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Algerian DinarAlgerian Dinar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Egyptian PoundEgyptian Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Eritrean NakfaEritrean Nakfa to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Ethiopian BirrEthiopian Birr to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to EuroEuro to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Fijian DollarFijian Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Falkland Islands PoundFalkland Islands Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to British Pound SterlingBritish Pound Sterling to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Georgian LariGeorgian Lari to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Guernsey PoundGuernsey Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Ghanaian CediGhanaian Cedi to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Gibraltar PoundGibraltar Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Gambian DalasiGambian Dalasi to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Guinean FrancGuinean Franc to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Guatemalan QuetzalGuatemalan Quetzal to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Guyanaese DollarGuyanaese Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Hong Kong DollarHong Kong Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Honduran LempiraHonduran Lempira to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Haitian GourdeHaitian Gourde to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Hungarian ForintHungarian Forint to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Indonesian RupiahIndonesian Rupiah to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Israeli New SheqelIsraeli New Sheqel to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Manx PoundManx Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Indian RupeeIndian Rupee to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Iraqi DinarIraqi Dinar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Iranian RialIranian Rial to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Icelandic KronaIcelandic Krona to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Jersey PoundJersey Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Jamaican DollarJamaican Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Jordanian DinarJordanian Dinar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Japanese YenJapanese Yen to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Kenyan ShillingKenyan Shilling to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Kyrgystani SomKyrgystani Som to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Comorian FrancComorian Franc to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to North Korean WonNorth Korean Won to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to South Korean WonSouth Korean Won to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Kuwaiti DinarKuwaiti Dinar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Cayman Islands DollarCayman Islands Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Kazakhstani TengeKazakhstani Tenge to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Laotian KipLaotian Kip to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Lebanese PoundLebanese Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Sri Lankan RupeeSri Lankan Rupee to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Liberian DollarLiberian Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Lesotho LotiLesotho Loti to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Libyan DinarLibyan Dinar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Moroccan DirhamMoroccan Dirham to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Moldovan LeuMoldovan Leu to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Malagasy AriaryMalagasy Ariary to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Macedonian DenarMacedonian Denar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Myanma KyatMyanma Kyat to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Mongolian TugrikMongolian Tugrik to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Macanese PatacaMacanese Pataca to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Mauritanian OuguiyaMauritanian Ouguiya to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Mauritian RupeeMauritian Rupee to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Maldivian RufiyaaMaldivian Rufiyaa to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Malawian KwachaMalawian Kwacha to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Mexican PesoMexican Peso to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Malaysian RinggitMalaysian Ringgit to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Mozambican MeticalMozambican Metical to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Namibian DollarNamibian Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Nigerian NairaNigerian Naira to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Nicaraguan CordobaNicaraguan Cordoba to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Norwegian KroneNorwegian Krone to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Nepalese RupeeNepalese Rupee to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to New Zealand DollarNew Zealand Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Omani RialOmani Rial to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Panamanian BalboaPanamanian Balboa to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Peruvian Nuevo SolPeruvian Nuevo Sol to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Papua New Guinean KinaPapua New Guinean Kina to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Philippine PesoPhilippine Peso to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Pakistani RupeePakistani Rupee to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Polish ZlotyPolish Zloty to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Paraguayan GuaraniParaguayan Guarani to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Qatari RialQatari Rial to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Romanian LeuRomanian Leu to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Serbian DinarSerbian Dinar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Russian RubleRussian Ruble to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Rwandan FrancRwandan Franc to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Saudi RiyalSaudi Riyal to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Solomon Islands DollarSolomon Islands Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Seychellois RupeeSeychellois Rupee to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Sudanese PoundSudanese Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Swedish KronaSwedish Krona to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Singapore DollarSingapore Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Saint Helena PoundSaint Helena Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Sierra Leonean LeoneSierra Leonean Leone to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Somali ShillingSomali Shilling to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Surinamese DollarSurinamese Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to South Sudanese PoundSouth Sudanese Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Sao Tome And Principe DobraSao Tome And Principe Dobra to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Salvadoran ColonSalvadoran Colon to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Syrian PoundSyrian Pound to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Swazi LilangeniSwazi Lilangeni to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Thai BahtThai Baht to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Tajikistani SomoniTajikistani Somoni to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Turkmenistani ManatTurkmenistani Manat to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Tunisian DinarTunisian Dinar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Tongan PaangaTongan Paanga to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Turkish LiraTurkish Lira to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Trinidad And Tobago DollarTrinidad And Tobago Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to New Taiwan DollarNew Taiwan Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Tanzanian ShillingTanzanian Shilling to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Ukrainian HryvniaUkrainian Hryvnia to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Ugandan ShillingUgandan Shilling to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to United States DollarUnited States Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Uruguayan PesoUruguayan Peso to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Uzbekistan SomUzbekistan Som to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Venezuelan Bolivar SoberanoVenezuelan Bolivar Soberano to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Vietnamese DongVietnamese Dong to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Vanuatu VatuVanuatu Vatu to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Samoan TalaSamoan Tala to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Cfa Franc BeacCfa Franc Beac to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Silver Troy OunceSilver Troy Ounce to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Gold Troy OunceGold Troy Ounce to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to East Caribbean DollarEast Caribbean Dollar to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Special Drawing RightsSpecial Drawing Rights to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Cfa Franc BceaoCfa Franc Bceao to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Palladium OuncePalladium Ounce to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Cfp FrancCfp Franc to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Platinum OuncePlatinum Ounce to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Yemeni RialYemeni Rial to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to South African RandSouth African Rand to Cambodian Riel
Cambodian Riel to Zambian KwachaZambian Kwacha to Cambodian Riel

FAQ on Cambodian Riel (KHR) to Congolese Franc (CDF) Conversion:

What is the Symbol of Cambodian Riel and Congolese Franc?

The symbol for Cambodian Riel is '៛', and for Congolese Francs, it is 'FC'. These symbols are used to denote in everyday currency analysis.

How to convert Cambodian Riel(s) to Congolese Franc(es)?

To convert Cambodian Riel(s) to Congolese Franc(es), multiply the number of Cambodian Riels by 1.3755967163922 because one Cambodian Riel equals 1.3755967163922 Congolese Francs.
Formula: Congolese Francs = Cambodian Riels × 1.3755967163922.
This is a standard rule used in conversions.

How to convert Congolese Franc(es) to Cambodian Riel(s) ?

To convert Congolese Franc(es) to Cambodian Riel(s), divide the number of Congolese Francs by 1.3755967163922, since, 1 Cambodian Riel contains exactly 1.3755967163922 Congolese Franc(es).
Formula: Cambodian Riels = Congolese Franc(s) ÷ 1.3755967163922.
It’s a common calculation in conversions.

How many Cambodian Riel(s) are these in an Congolese Franc(es) ?

There are 0.72695724559645 Cambodian Riels in one Congolese Franc. This is derived by dividing 1 Congolese Franc by 1.3755967163922, as 1 Cambodian Riel equals 1.3755967163922 Congolese Franc(s).
Formula: Cambodian Riel = Congolese Francs ÷ 1.3755967163922.
It’s a precise currency conversion method.

How many Congolese Franc(es) are these in an Cambodian Riel(s) ?

There are exactly 1.3755967163922 Congolese Francs in one Cambodian Riel. This is a fixed value used in the measurement system.
Formula: Congolese Franc(s) = Cambodian Riels × 1.3755967163922.
It's one of the most basic conversions.

How many Congolese Franc in 10 Cambodian Riel?

There are 13.755967163922 Congolese Francs in 10 Cambodian Riels. This is calculated by multiplying 10 by 1.3755967163922.
Formula: 10 Cambodian Riels × 1.3755967163922 = 13.755967163922 Congolese Francs.
This conversion is helpful for measurements.

How many Congolese Franc(s) in 50 Cambodian Riel?

There are 68.77983581961 Congolese Francs in 50 Cambodian Riels. One can calculate it by multiplying 50 by 1.3755967163922.
Formula: 50 Cambodian Riels × 1.3755967163922 = 68.77983581961 Congolese Francs.
This conversion is used in many applications.

How many Congolese Franc(s) in 100 Cambodian Riel?

There are 137.55967163922 Congolese Franc(s) in 100 Cambodian Riels. Multiply 100 by 1.3755967163922 to get the result.
Formula: 100 Cambodian Riels × 1.3755967163922 = 137.55967163922 Congolese Franc(s).
This is a basic currency conversion formula.